The Messenger of Allāh ﷺ specified some wealth for the poor emigrants, after reserving for himself whatever he willed. The Ansār found that agreeable, so he thanked Allāh on their behalf. That is because purifying the heart from the need for compensation and possessions is an attribute of the Nobles and great Saints. Ghanīmah, on the other hand, is that which is gained through fighting and setting forth on horses and camels. Fay’ is the possessions of the disbelievers that are seized by the Muslims without fighting or setting forth on horses and camels for battle. Upon death, a portion of the seized goods returns to the Bayt al-Māl. This Surah contains 24 verses 497 words 1943 letters, and it is revealed in.
This verse refers to the possessions of Banū al-Naḍīr. They were considered seized goods ( fay’) and not war-booty ( ghanīmah). Surah Al Hashr is the 59th Surah and found in the 28th Parah of the Holy Quran. So Allah gives the Prophet Muhammad ﷺ the first rights to these spoils so that he may distribute it to those who are in dire need. They would struggle to participate in wars due to their lack of preparation, and as a consequence, would be left out when the spoils were divided. Meanwhile, the less fortunate people, such as the poor and orphans, would be at a natural disadvantage. They had the means to gather equipment and men to fight in battle through which they earned access to the spoils.
This is important because, in the past, the wealthy were in much better positions to participate in war. Surah al-Ḥashr demonstrates how the believers prevail through the example of the Battle of Banu Nadir.Īllah teaches us how He instills fear in the hearts of His enemies, thereby making it easy for the believers to overcome them and deliver the justice that they deserve for betraying the Messenger of Allah ﷺ.Īllah also shows us how the Messenger of Allah ﷺ is further supported through the spoils of war that Allah has given him rights over thereby enabling a more equitable distribution of wealth. 14This is one of the most important verses of the Quran, which lays down the basic principle of the economic policy of the Islamic community and government. In Surah al-Mujadilah Allah promised that the believers will prevail over the people who follow shayṭan.
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The following is excerpted Shaykh Hamzah Abdul Malik’s The Endless Banquet, Volume 3, and from Imam al-Qushayri’s Tafsir of Surah al-Hashr, which will be published in full as part of IGI’s Tafsir Reimagined series.
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